“Higher-speed, higher-power electric two-wheelers are not inherently bad. But they are not bicycles either.“ – Steve Goodridge
BikeWalk NC Board Member Steve Goodridge recently took a deep dive into this issue, exploring the differences between traditional bicycles, low-speed electric bikes, and the growing presence of higher-speed e-mopeds. His perspective raises important questions about safety, equity, and how we shape policy moving forward.
Why this matters:
- Speed changes risk. As speeds increase, stopping distance and crash severity rise dramatically.
- Not all “e-bikes” are the same. Many higher-powered models function more like mopeds than bicycles.
- Policy is struggling to keep up. Consumers are often sold products that cannot legally be used as intended.
- Equity is at stake. Many riders relying on these devices for daily transportation face the greatest consequences when systems fail.
We’ve also seen this tension play out in other states. In New Jersey, lawmakers recently enacted one of the most restrictive e-bike laws in the country, reshaping how electric bicycles are classified and expanding requirements like registration and licensing in ways that have sparked widespread debate.
These examples highlight a broader national question: how do we regulate emerging electric mobility in a way that improves safety without undermining access to affordable transportation?
Steve’s article also highlights a broader opportunity: focusing on safe speeds, better-connected local networks, and a Safe System approach that supports all users, whether someone is walking, biking, or using an electric device.
What we are thinking about:
- Designing streets where lower speeds make sharing space safer
- Supporting clear, consistent definitions for electric devices
- Educating the public on misrepresented products
- Ensuring transportation options remain accessible for people who rely on them most
North Carolina lawmakers are considering a bill that would formally adopt the national Class 1, 2, and 3 e-bike system, defining electric assisted bicycles based on speed limits and whether a throttle is used. The legislation would clarify that e-bikes are generally allowed on roadways, bike lanes, and shared-use paths across the state. It would also allow riders under 18 on Class 3 e-bikes to be required to wear helmets meeting federal safety standards. In addition, the bill reaffirms cities and counties authority to regulate and restrict where different classes of e-bikes can be used and to set local rules for greenways, sidewalks, and shared-use paths.
This is a complex issue, and the conversation is just getting started. Thank you for being part of a community working toward safer, more inclusive transportation across North Carolina.
